VapoMeter publications (941)

… TEWL was measured using Delfin vapometer (Kuopio, Finland). NMR spectra were obtained using an AV 400 MHz NMR spectrometer (Bruker AV-400, Coventry, UK). …

… TEWL measurements were performed with the condenser-chamber device Vapometer® (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finnland). With its closed-chamber principle the Vapometer® …

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction. Few studies have used noninvasive techniques to measure epidermis function in asymptomatic neonates…

… MAPs treated skin integrity was assessed with calculation of TEWL values using VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Finland). TEWL values analysis shows the skin barrier degree of …

… One method to measure sweating rate uses a hand-held closed-chamber VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd. Kuopio, Finland). This instrument measures evaporative heat loss and …

… The TEWL values using a portable device, Vapometer (Delfin Technologies) was measured which measures evaporation rate value in g/m^/h due to increase of relative humidity in a …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies). … One measurement was taken with the VapoMeter and three measurements each with the …

Rubbing a topical formulation on skin is generally assumed to enhance drug penetration. The aim of this study was to demonstrate different techniques such as using glass rod, …

… To address these issues, we have developed a new method in combination with wet and dry decon technologies with new materials for emergency or delayed contamination scenarios. …

Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) is an inflammatory response caused by the prolonged contact of the skin to urine and/or faeces. Although several theories exist to explain the …

… Japan) that is an unventilated closed chamber type is additionally used besides VapoMeter … comparison with hyaluronan at the same concentration by means of TEWL using VapoMeter …

… Para a quantificação do suor foi utilizado o aparelho “VapoMeter” desenvolvido na Finlândia pela Delfin Technologies Ltd. É um instrumento portátil, não invasivo e que possui uma …

… Palmar eccrine sweat gland activity was measured with the Delfin Vapometer. The experimenter marked an area on the left palm with a ballpoint pen to ensure consistency in repeated …

… Skin integrity was checked by measuring the trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) (Delfin Vapometer, Delfin Technologies, Sweden), which was used in our previous work (Magnano, …

Dermal microdialysis (dMD) can measure the rate and extent to which a topically administered active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) becomes available in the dermis. Using multiple …

… a vapometer (Delfin Technology, Kuopio, Finland). Indications of stretch marks, physical damage, or a TEWL value higher than 20.0 g/m 2 /h led to the rejection of the epidermic piece (…

… We assessed skin integrity using a trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) meter (VapoMeter wireless, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) at the beginning and the end of each …

The objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize an amine derivative of fenugreek gum and to evaluate its potential in the formulation of bioadhesive drug delivery systems. …

… Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland)를 이용하여 피부 표면으로부터 증발 되는 수분의 양을 측정하였고, 이 때 3회 반복하여 수치가 안정화되는 구간의 평균값을 기록하였다…

… Before tape stripping procedure baseline TEWL values were recorded using a closed chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The skin was …

… Perspiration production was recorded at-2,-1, and on 1-h intervals from 2 to 8 h RTC with a device capable of measuring water evaporation rate (VapoMeter SWL2; Delfin …

… Evaporative water loss (EWL) from the skin surface at forehead, cheeck and forearm were measured by a portable vapometer (SWL3, Delfin Technology Ltd, Finland). After at least 20-…

… The transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd. USA) before and after treatment to assess the skin integrity. The skin irritation was …

… Rogiers, “Validation of the VapoMeter, a closed unventilated chamber system to assess transepidermal water loss vs. the open chamber Tewameters,” Skin Research and …

… Therefore, DDGel offers a great potential as a NextGen skin Decon platform technology for … as a NextGen skin decontamination technology against CWAs and other toxicants that …

The aim of the present study was to compare the evaporative losses response in a sample of thirty unacclimatized subjects (sixteen males and fourteen females), ages 19 to 44. Most of …

… TEWL was measured on the left volar forearm to evaluate skin barrier function using a VapoMeter ® (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). Skin surface sebum content was …

… using the VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kupio, Finland), Derma Unit with Corneometer, and Skin-pH-Meter (Courage + Khazaka electronic GmbH, Köln, Germany), respectively. …

Mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton’s jelly of the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) have immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to explore whether extracts of …

… At the start of the study, the skin was equilibrated in the testing area for 30 min, and then the TEWL of the sampling area was measured with a VapoMeter (Delfin Technology, Finland). …

… per site using the Vapometer evaporimeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), following the manufacturer’s guidelines. Using an 11 mm adaptor, the Vapometer was placed directly …

… The VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies) was used to measure TEWL. The reference standard for TEWL varies in value by age and body site 16 , with higher values representing lower …

… ® (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), Vapometer ® (Delfin Technologies) and the Sebumeter ® (Courage+Khazaka electronic GmbH, Köln, Germany), respectively. …

Confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) has shown potential in non-invasive skin analysis. However, current CRS systems have various limitations including a narrow detection band, …

… 4VapoMeter manufactured by Delfin technologies … A Vapometer is designed to measure a 1cm … Due to the small area captured by the Vapometer there …

In vitro skin absorption studies are essential for dermal product development as well as in dermal risk assessment. This chapter introduces commonly used membranes for permeation …

Background: Preventing recurrent pressure injuries (RPIs) is one of the important challenges faced in healthcare, but the risk factors of RPIs have not been fully revealed. This study …

75 has potential advantages over other routes of administration due to the local accessibility of tissue, avoidance of" first-pass" effect, improvement of patient compliance, ease of …

15-lipoxygenase is involved in the generation of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators that play essential roles in resolution and inflammatory responses. Here, we investigated anti-…

… The forehead, the cheeks (left and right), the nose and the chin areas were evaluated using the VapoMeter (Delfin, Finland) to indicate the skin barrier function. The VaporMeter was put …

Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are prevalent chronic inflammatory skin diseases that are characterized by dysfunctional skin barriers and substantially impact patients’ quality of life. …

A defective skin epidermal permeability barrier (EPB) is responsible for a high mortality rate in premature infants and is an important risk factor in inflammatory skin diseases such as …

… The major problem associated with transdermal technology is that many of the drugs are not able to cross the skin at the … Delfin Vapometer is used to measure this parameter [54]. …

Sorbion sachet S was designed to bestow a range of clinical advantages across a number of indications, particularly in moderately to highly exuding wounds. This paper explores the …

… Luckily with the progress of technology and clinical understanding we are now in a position … “Luckily with the progress of technology and clinical understanding we are now in a position …

… The forehead, the cheeks (left and right), the nose and the chin areas were evaluated using the VapoMeter (Delfin, Finland) to indicate the skin barrier function. The VaporMeter was put …

Triclosan is an antimicrobial chemical used in healthcare settings that can be absorbed through the skin. Exposure to triclosan has been positively associated with food and aeroallergy …

Controlling the moisture balance between exudates and their transpiration from the surface of wounded skin is important for healing. Low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (L-HPC) …

… (Vapometer® Delfin Technologies Ltd), bem como outros pesquisadores quando empregam outras formas de mensuração da HH, como a termometria(7). A temperatura e umidade …

There is an urgent need to reduce reliance on hypodermic injections for many protein-based therapies. Alternative approaches include developing controlled release formulations, …

The dermal penetration behaviour differed for the two preparation types: We observed generally higher amounts of radioactivity remaining in the skin. In the receptor fluid we observed …

On the other hand, skin covers a surface area between 1.5 and 2.0 m2 and is often regarded as the largest organ of the human body. From a pharmaceutical point of view, it offers a …

… 型CO2培养箱,德 国MEMMERT公司;Derma Unit SSC 3皮肤油脂水分 酸碱度测试仪,德国CK公司 ;Delfin VapoMeter经皮 水分流失测试仪,芬兰Delfin公司;VISIA-CR,美国 CANFIELD公司. …

… Using the left upper arm, a VapoMeter™ was placed on the skin surface of each subject … • Expose your left upper arm for a device called a VapoMeter™ to be placed on the skin …

… Trans-Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL) was measured using a portable atomometer (VAPOMETER SWL4001JT; Delfin Technologies), and moisture contents of the stratum corneum at left …

… The ability of microneedles to load drugs can be improved in formulation technologies. Several microneedle products have … This parameter is measured with a Delfin Vapometer. …

Background. Surgical resection plays an important role in the treatment of pulmonary metastases. Several different techniques are used; wedge-resection by stapling devices seems to …

Currently dermal and transdermal drug delivery remains an attractive route for local and systemic drug delivery, therefore scientists are very interested to work in this field. This route of …

… The most objective method is the VapoMeter® closed-chamber device (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland)66,67. The problem is that it only analyzes a tiny skin area (about 2.5 …

Background Our motivation for this study was to develop a noninvasive glucose sensor for low birth weight neonates. We hypothesized that the underdeveloped skin of neonates will …

… as the rate of controlled drug release, and because transdermal administration showed greater convenience and patient acceptability, this study aimed at developing a technological …

… All the reactions were performed with the Mx3005P system (Agilent Technologies, CA, US). … measured using the VapoMeter® (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The …

… The technology has the potential to provide feasible methods to deliver medications via … Using a Delfin vapometer, before and after micro-needling trans epidermal water loss is …

… containing metformin HCl and liposomal technology as an alternative dosage form that could … conducted by checking the trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) using a Vapometer (Delfin, …

… The TEWL values of the shaved sites were measured using a evaporimeter (Vapometer, Delfin, Kuopio, Finland) before the experiment. Then, the skin was treated as follows: 1) Control …

… One hour before administration, the TEWL values of the shaved sites were measured in advance using Vapometer evaporimeter (Delfin, Kuopio, Finland)Citation22. Hydrogel (0.2 ml …

Topical therapy is an attractive choice for the treatment of skin disorders due to the targeting of drugs to the localized site in the skin tissue, such as, in depigmentary diseases that may …

… VapoMeter is the only fully portable instrument available for the measurement of TEWL values and evaporation rates. The VapoMeter … The core of the VapoMeter is a sensitive humidity …

… We used the VapoMeter SWL5001 moisture transpiration meter (Delfin) to measure … the DermaLab ultrasound skin imaging system (Cortex Technology) to measure collagen and skin …

… TEWL can be measured by a VapoMeter instrument manufactured by Delfin Technologies (… TEWL was measured with a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Finland) on the palm, wrist, …

… In this study the transepidermal water loss was measured by using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). The VapoMeter forms a closed chamber on the skin, and the …

… TEWL was measured on shaved mouse back skin using the Delfin VapoMeter (SWL4400, Delfin, Kuopio, Finland) under basal conditions (untapped or untreated), after tape stripping, …

… The transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using vapometer (Delfin, Finland) before and after treatment to assess skin integrity. The vapometer was equilibrated at chamber …

Background: Our motivation for this study was to develop a noninvasive glucose sensor for low birth weight neonates. We hypothesized that the underdeveloped skin of neonates will …

… Another emerging technology is based on radio frequency ablation and is similar to thermal ablation. It has been adapted from medical technology. It uses electric current in the radio …

Dermal drug delivery is of global interest in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic productions. Its advantages over other routes of administration (such as oral and intravenous routes) …

… , showing that technological devices such as thermometers or the Vapometer, in this case, … a closed-cell device, such as the Vapometer, assumes that this is the appropriate rate for the …

… The values of TEWL and the skinfold thickness were measured with Vapometer (Delfin, Finland) and an electronic digital caliper (MyCal, Mitutoyo, Kawasaki, Japan), respectively. …

… The skin was used only if the trans-epidermal water evaporation rate (TEWL measured using Vapometer, Delfin, Denmark) was less than 10 g/m 2 /h and the electrical resistivity was …

The use of dermal microdialysis (dMD) to evaluate bioavailability (BA) and bioequivalence (BE) of topical dermatological drug products (TDDP) has shown promising results; however, …

This study aimed at investigating cosmeceutical product development from concept to clinical efficacy testing, using Rosa rubiginosa rosehip seed oil, sourced from Southern African soil…

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have small particle sizes (100 nm or less) and large surface areas with numerous highly reactive sites, thus presenting highly reactive catalysts …

… VAPOMETER设备有一个圆柱形的腔,里面有相对湿度和 温度传感器,将仪器与皮肤接触后不久 ,在… 节,使用VAPOMETER 分别在涂抹样品后的2 h,4 h和6 h等时间点对测试区域和空 白区域进行…

Objectives: The objectives for this study were (i) to assess the respiratory exposure of base metal refinery workers to cobalt sulphate; (ii) to assess the dermal exposure of these workers …

… This review article discussed the latest advancements in MN technology. It emphasized types of MNs… water loss is one of the parameters measured with the help of the Delfin VapoMeter. …

… closed chamber system Vapometer … Validation of the VapoMeter, a closed unventilated chamber system to assess transepidermal water loss vs. the open chamber Tewameters. Skin …

… VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The probe was turned on and held on the human cadaver skin for approximately 10 seconds until a stable reading was recorded…

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured for 30 seconds using a Vapometer device (Delfin Technologies, Finland) in accordance with the manufacturer’s manual. …

Sepsis is a major challenge for healing responses maintaining homeostasis. Coagulation and inflammation are activated at the whole-body level, even in undamaged tissues. Despite …

… 1 h before administration, the TEWL values of the shaved sites of the animals were measured in advance using Vapometer evaporimeter (Delfin, Kuopio, Finland)Citation28. The ILs …

… The quality of the skin barrier function was assessed by measuring the TEWL rates using a closed chamber device, VapoMeter (Delfin, Kuopio, Finland). Skin surface hydration levels …

… The broad aim of this project was to evaluate microneedle technology and iontophoresis for intradermal and transdermal delivery of drugs. Methods. Microneedle technology was …

… Trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) from treated skin area was measured at regular interval in each animal using vapometer (Delfin, Finland) to estimate skin irritation potential of test …

… a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The integrity of the barrier function is assessed by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL). The probe was turned on and …

Background: Skin care is a basic, daily activity performed by formal and informal caregivers from birth until end of life. Skin care activities are influenced by different factors, eg, culture, …

The molecular composition of human skin is altered due to diseases, which can be utilized for non-invasive sampling of biomarkers and disease diagnostics. For this to succeed, it is …

TEWL from base value has been reported to represent atopic dermatitis condition. Permeation of calcein across compromised skin was significantly higher than that across intact skin for …

… a Delfin vapometer which was provided for the study by Claims Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai. Delfin vapometer … The open end of the vapometer, which acts as the measurement orifice, was kept in …

… To objectively measure skin barrier function, we took advantage of technology that can measure TEWL. Elevated TEWL scores in lesional skin of psoriasis patients has been reported to …

Background: Hempseed oil is a rich and balanced source of omega‐6 and omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Anecdotal evidence indicated that dietary hempseed oil might …

… Tear evaporation rate was measured using a Vapometer (Delfin, Kuopio, Finland) within a swimming goggle housing.17 Differences between the evaporation rates in the open and …

… The TEWL readings in panels c and d were obtained from two separate Vapometers. … for rabbit HA-tag (Cell Signaling Technology). Fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies were …

… TEWL was measured with a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). … Data were analyzed with GeneSpring GX software (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Calif) and …

Background. Chronic irritant hand dermatitis is an issue for healthcare workers and may negatively impact infection control. Objectives. We examined the effects of a G to A transition at …

Glucose and glutamine are essential nutrients that act as important sources of energy in living organisms. Their presence or lack thereof can be important indicators in biomedical and …

… lesions and one control site using the Vapometer (Delfin, Kuopio, Finland), dermal density of the right cheek using Dermascan Ultrasound (Cortex Technology, Hadsund, Denmark), …

The specialised nature of the stratum corneum makes it an efficient barrier to foreign substances, including drug molecules. Therefore, cutaneous drug absorption is a slow and complex …

… Abschließend kann man sagen, dass geschlossene Systeme wie das VapoMeter weniger sensitiv sind und geringe Unterschiede nicht so gut erfassen können wie die offenen Geräte. …

… pinna and inguinal areas using a closed-chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland), and analysed from these eight dogs used in the RNA-seq study. …

… Validation of the VapoMeter, a closed unventilated chamber system to assess transepidermal water loss vs. the open chamber Tewameter. Skin Res Technol 2005; 11: 61–69. …

… 0.5 h before administration, the TEWL values of the shaved sites were measured in advance using the SWL-5 portable closed chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies …

Cancer chemotherapy frequently requires long periods of multiple intravenous infusions that often results in patients opting out of treatment. The main purpose of this study was to …

… Delfin Vapometer [18,23] (Kuopio, Finland). While some authors have attempted to negate differences between individuals in skin exposure when measuring evaporation (such as …

… applying products the skin quality can be evaluated with the Vapometer (from Delfin, Finland) which enables to measure transepidermal water loss without changing receptor fluid. …

Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) is regarded as one of the most important parameters for characterizing skin barrier function but an agreed upon definition of what a “normal” TEWL is …

… In addition to raw voxel values, three handcrafted features extracted from RSOM images and one feature measured using VapoMeter, were used in the evaluation: 1) Total blood …

Inborn errors of nucleic acid metabolism often cause aberrant activation of nucleic acid sensing pathways, leading to autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases. The SKIV2L RNA …

… It can be measured in a standardized fashion (g of water/m 2 /hr) by a validated VapoMeter. We will assess TEWL on grafted and nongrafted areas by a VapoMeter (Delfin, Kuopio, …

This thesis aimed to assess the effect of exogenous lipid supplements on ocular comfort during contact lens wear and the biology underpinning those effects. A reliable device to …

… TEWL from the dorsal skin of 8-week-old mice was determined with a VAPO METER SWL5001 (Delfin Technologies Ltd.). Mean values of five measurements from each animal were …

… The Vapometer® (Delfin technologies INC., Stamford, Connecticut) was used to determine the TEWL values. Vapometer® … The measurements were made by placing the Vapometer® …

Background As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continues, the long‐term daily use of masks is increasing. A full year includes the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn, and …

Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most used color developer in thermal paper products such as cashiers' receipts, followed by Bisphenol S (BPS), Wincon 8 (D-8), and Pergafast 201 (PF201). …

… (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) equipped with an adaptor to fit the diffusion cell (permeation area of 1.77 cm 2 , Teledyne Hanson, Chatsworth, CA) opening [28,…

… We assessed skin integrity using a trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) metre (VapoMeter wireless, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) at the beginning and the end of each …

… 角质层水分测量仪(VAPOMETER,Delfin, 芬兰)用于测量 角质层的水分含量.测量值越高,角质层 … 2.5 HAMNs 的体内生物安全性 如图5所示,用VAPOMETER测量TEWL.在使用微 针之前,在取下微…

… a VapoMeter with a closed chamber (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). The probe was kept on the skin for 13 seconds to obtain the values on the screen (n=4). The TEWL …

Hands are typically exposed to a number of physical and chemical agents. They are covered by two adjacent and distinct skin structures corresponding to the palms and dorsum of the …

… After 1 h equilibration time, skin integrity was controlled with Trans Epidermal Water Loss measurement (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies, UK). Acceptance criteria was defined (ie <15 …

Background Dryness‐related heel skin problems are common; however, there are very few studies about heel skin dryness. The objective of this study was to develop new assessment …

… TEWL was measured on crown of the head of the animals using the Delfin VapoMeter with a 4.5-mm nail adapter attached (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Stamford, CT) as previously …

… Afterward, the barrier integrity of each skin piece was tested by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) using a vapometer (Delfin Technology, Kuopio, Finland). Any skin piece …

… Closed-chamber TEWL was determined with a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Finland) calibrated and validated according to the manufacturers instructions. Solar radiation S …

… Before the microneedle penetration, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) of the circled skin area was measured by a Delfin Vapometer. Then the circled skin area was pulled to the side …

A pele é o maior órgão e o mais importante do nosso organismo, uma vez que nos protege contra, não só de agressões externas, como também da perda excessiva de água e …

… We measured the TEWL of the stratum corneum with a Vapometer (Delfin, Kuopio, Finland) designed as a closed chamber system. Negative replicas were obtained from the crow's feet …

… Therefore, it has been recommended that patients should measure repeatedly at home with the VapoMeter in order to obtain a more realistic reflection of their disorder [36]. …

… TEWL was measured on the abdominal skin surface of newborn mice using the nail attachment of a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland, courtesy of Jeff Miner). …

Considering that tumor development is generally multifactorial, therapy with a combination of agents capable of potentiating cytotoxic effects is promising. In this study, we co-…

… The TEWL (gm/m 2 /h) was measured by placing the vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) on the donor chamber. For measuring the skin resistance, a direct current of 0.3 …

… Vapometer device (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Patient-based self-assessments included pruritus scores and the Children's Dermatology Quality of Life Index (CDQLI) used …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) prior to and at regular intervals during tape stripping which was stopped …

… (Vapometer; Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) equipped with an adaptor to fit the diffusion cell (diffusion area of 1 cm 2 ) opening. Citation28 Skin sections mounted in diffusion …

… Transepidermal water loss can be assessed using, for example, a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland), 77 a DermaLab (Cortex Technology), 77 or Cyberderm …

… The barrier integrity of the excised human epidermis was also tested by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) using a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). The …

… Skin permeability was measured by a vapometer, and structural changes in the skin were … ; Kanagawa, Japan) and TEWL with a vapometer (Delfin; Kuopio, Finland) before every …

… Tutkimuksen johtopäätoksenä todettiin, että Vapometerlaitetta tulisi käyttää vain hyvin … kammion menetelmää hyödyntävää laitetta (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Suomi; …

… Following a brief (1–2 h) equilibrium of skin and phosphate-buffered saline, 0.1 M and pH 7.0, each skin sample was measured with a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, …

Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions. Page 1 Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions. If you have discovered …

… (TEWL) was then checked with a VapoMeter from (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). … Finally, this study highlights the versatility of the HFUT technology in producing emulsions for …

… VapoMeter™ by Delfin technologies was used to calculate the TEWL. TEWL values were calculated prior to treating skin with MDA and after the treatment was complete. Skin was …

… (eg, Vapometer by Delfin Technologies Ltd, Tewameter by Courage-Khazaka Electronic, and Dermalab by Cortex Technologies) are not suitable to incorporate into wound dressings. …

Assessing the Efłcacy of Moisturizers Page 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter gives an introductory background to practitioners in cosmetic dermatology who wish to better understand the …

Human skin has various pathologies in the form of acute and chronic diseases. Some are only cosmetic diseases which are not harmful for life but they can affect mental health and …

The relationship between skin stratum corneum (SC) swelling induced by the treatment of surfactant solutions and skin functions/conditions was investigated in vivo for six anionic …

… skin temperature (Tempett ® , SENSELab, Sweden), and transepidermal water loss as a measure of local sweating (Delfin ® VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies, Finland) were measured. …

… (VapoMeter™, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) at least two times. TEWL measurements were carried out by placing the collared probe over the specially designed top of the …

… measured and recorded using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Inc, Stamford, CT, USA). … For this purpose, a waveform generator, and a digital multimeter (Agilent Technologies, Santa …

• Variability in subject populations and methods used to evaluate and report repeatability of tear film measurements makes it challenging to compare different measurement techniques. …

… Initial trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements were recorded with a VapoMeter (Delfin technologies; Kuopio, Finland). Fresh 0.75 in square strips of 3M Scotch Magic tape …

Urea has been incorporated into several topical ungual formulations to hydrate and soften the nail plate. In this study, we employed various characterization techniques (visual …

There is an increase of application of Nickel in the form of nanoparticles (NiNPs) in several fields including modern metallurgy, bioengineering, and medicine. Such growth of the areas …

… −/− (dashed line) mice using a VapoMeter. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with … obtained with a calibrated VapoMeter evaporimeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) …

… Cutaneous barrier function TEWl was measured on the back skin of P5 mice using an evaporimeter (VapoMeter SWL2g; Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). In the assay of barrier …

Aging disrupts skin barrier function and induces xerosis accompanied by pruritus. In many cases, elderly patients complain of pruritus during skin hygiene care, a condition called …

Ocular discomfort and dry eye symptoms are the main reasons for contact lens (CL) wear intolerance and discontinuation. In this context, dry eye and discomfort can be multifactorial, …

We observed clinical and histological changes, including increased transepidermal water loss, epidermal thickness, and inflammatory cells, and changes in collagen fibers in the skin of …

… Resistance was measured by passing an alternating current (100 mV, 10 Hz) through the skin, while TEWL values were obtained using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Finland). …

… TEWL was assessed using a closed chamber evaporimeter (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) before NLP application [37], [38]. Skin sections were then treated for …

… An alternative TEWL device, the VapoMeter (Delfin, Finland), … Figure 3B shows the VapoMeter TEWL values and the … coefficient of variation (CV) of the VapoMeter, as shown in Figure 3C…

Background Nowadays, face masks are a crucial part of our daily life. Previous studies on their impact on the skin usually focused on the adverse effects of face masks. Few studies …

Topical liquid formulations, dissolving microneedles (DMNs), and microscale needles composed of biodegradable materials have been widely used for the transdermal delivery of …

… The time to skin barrier restoration, a proxy measure for wound healing rate, was assessed by measuring TEWL from individual blisters using the VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Inc., …

Incomplete insertion is a common problem associated with polymer microneedles (MNs) that results in a limited drug delivery efficiency and wastage of valuable medication. This paper …

… There is an urgent need for a better evaluation of the limits of wearable health technologies … Many of these technologies rely on tracking activity and other biomarkers, such as heart rate …

Recent developments of molecular biology have revealed diverse mechanisms of skin diseases, and precision medicine considering these mechanisms requires the frequent objective …

… A popular device of this type is the VapoMeter R (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland)… Unlike open chamber instruments, the closed chamber system of the VapoMeter R is not …

… The barrier function of the stratum corneum in this study was evaluated using a Vapometer ™ (Delfin Technologies Inc., Stamford, CT). The probe was held on the skin for 10 s and the …

… The transepidermal water loss (TEWL), an indicator of the skin barrier integrity, was measured using an evaporimeter (VapoMeter SWL4, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Three …

… Measurements were taken using VapoMeter and MoistureMeter SC Compact (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland), respectively. Those with presence of rashes, scratches, or …

Background: The most common factor that could lead to dryness is the accelerated tear evaporation rate. Controlling the tear evaporation rate is increasingly used as a method to …

… We measured the TEWL of the stratum corneum with Vapometer (Delfin, Kuopio, Finland) designed to closed chamber system. The skin color (L*a*b*) was measured using …

Objective Dry and scaly conditions on the scalp are often observed in patients with atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis and/or pityriasis capitis. Those scalp lesions often exhibit low …

Various lipid nanoparticle formulations were investigated with respect to (trans)dermal drug delivery with special regard to the mechanism of their effects on human and an organotypic …

… The recovery of micropores created by these microneedles was also evaluated with the help of transepidermal water loss studies using Vapometer ® (Delfin Tech., Finland). There was …

Systemic immune function is impaired by sleep restriction. However, the impact of sleep restriction on local immune responses, and to what extent any impairment can be mitigated by …

… 4.3 Measurement of the skin resistance to water loss using a VapoMeter device. All … was measured using a device called VapoMeter (designed by Delfin Technologies). It consists of a …

… was scored on scalp and pictured whereas sebum release, Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and moisturization were recorded using Sebumeter ® (one measurement), Vapometer ® (…

The aim of the present research is to evaluate the influence of different lipid vesicular systems as well as the effect of application mode on skin penetration and deposition behaviors of …

… For replicate 1, sweating rate was estimated using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) on an unclipped area of the right shoulder. For replicate 2, sweating rate was …

… (VapoMeter®, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) on the application site, with the probe head vertical and perpendicular to the skin, to give an indication of skin barrier function. …

… To measure the TEWL (gm/m 2 /h), a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) was placed on the donor chamber of FDCs [26]. For measuring the skin resistance, an electric …

Objective Despite the application of skin care treatments, many infants have skin problems such as dryness and erythema. We proposed a new combination skin care for infants which …

Fenretinide (FENR) is a chemopreventive drug candidate for breast cancer. However, it is an off-the-shelf drug mainly due to its high hydrophobicity and low bioavailability. Herein, we …

… In addition, we discuss innovative technologies that may be applicable to burn scar … science photographic technology or rehabilitation or medical laboratory technology or engineering …

In this study, we used sonophoresis and iontophoresis to enhance the in vitro delivery of methotrexate through human cadaver skin. Iontophoresis was applied for 60 min at a 0.4 mA/sq·…

Objective: Prevention of recurrent pressure ulcers (PU) is one of the most important challenges in wound care, furthermore, the risk factors for recurrent PUs are still not fully understood. …

The human skin microbiota is considered to be essential for skin homeostasis and barrier function. Comprehensive analyses of its function would substantially benefit from a catalog of …

Background Skin irritability after a brief exposure to the model skin irritant, sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), is known to vary considerably between individuals. A difference in the skin …

This study investigated the effects of drug recrystallization on the in vitro performance of testosterone drug-in-adhesive transdermal delivery system (TDS). Six formulations were …

Background and Aims Female pattern hair loss affects females of all ages with a trend to increase after menopause. This disorder may have significant psychological impact and lead to …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured with a closed chamber evaporimeter (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) with an adaptor to fit the diffusion cell …

… Before and immediately after the needle treatment (0 hour), transepidermal water loss was measured using a VapoMeter from Delfin Technologies Inc (Stamford, CT) following the …

In spite of the high incidence of breast cancer worldwide, there are few strategies for its chemoprevention, and they have limited adherence mainly due to their serious adverse effects. …

… The skin integrity was tested using Vapometer ® (Delfin Technologies) and electrical resistance equipment setup in our laboratory. The skin with more than 20 kΩ/cm 2 resistance was …

… at 10 Hz, duty cycle 50% without offset) through the skin (0.64 sq.cm) while TEWL values were obtained non-invasively using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Finland) (n = 4). …

… The most objective method is the VapoMeter® closed-chamber device (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) 66,67 . The problem is that it only analyzes a tiny skin area (about 2.5 …

Purpose: One of the objects in this study is to investigate the effect of high temperature preserved wheat sprout extracts on anti-oxidant activity. The other is to confirm the feasibility of …

Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) has higher content of chlorophyll than any known other plants, and also has vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber and other substances. To identify …

Psychological factors have been shown to influence the process of wound healing. This study examined the effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on the speed of …

… The TEWL of the punctured skin following the removal of TMAP was measured with a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland ) for a period up to 1 h by comparing it with the …

… The transepidermal water loss (TEWL) of cheek skin was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Ltd.). Skin resilience or elasticity was determined using a noninvasive, in …

… VapoMeter®, Delfine Technologies, US), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pruritus. SCORAD index score, a standardized assessment tool for the severity of AD, was defined as (A/5) + …

… To assay defects in permeability barrier of mice, we used a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) to measure transepidermal water loss from both the dorsal and lateral …

… By contrast, VapoMeter is based on the closed chamber system, and is easier to use than the open chamber device. However, its tendency to become saturated under high water …

… of MA delivery systems for integration with electronic, information and intelligent technologies. … The TEWL of the punctured skin was measured by a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, …

… In this study, we used focal plane array (FPA)-based FTIR imaging technology 14) to analyze the shift of the CH 2 symmetric stretching vibration-derived peak around 2850 cm −1 and …

… a Vapometer (Delfin Vapometer, Delfin Technologies, Sweden) already used in our previous work (Magnano et al. 2022): the average TEWL values of skin samples was found to be …

… QuantaMaster 300 fluorometer (Photon Technology International) was used to monitor … TEWL of mice dorsal skin was measured using Vapometer (Delfin Technologies) according …

… TEWL was measured using a closedchamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd, … skin sites— related to age and sex,” Skin Research and Technology, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. …

Skin exposures are common during cleaning activities, and may contribute to the overall body burden. Cleaning products may contain irritants such as monoethanolamine (MEA) and …

Psoriasis is a condition of the skin which involves scales, dry patches, and inflammation. Methotrexate (logP: −1.8, MW:454.44 g/mol) is administered orally or intravenously to treat …

… To assess epidermal permeability barrier function, the TEWL was measured using a VapoMeter (SWL-3; Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The clinical scores and TEWL …

… Transdermal epidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements were performed using a Vapometer (Delfin technologies Ltd., Finland) by placing the probe over dorsal area of rat and human …

… Master Mix from Applied Biosystems (Life Technologies, … loss were measured by close attachment of Delfin’s vapometer … Green Master Mix from Applied Biosystems (Life Technologies, …

Objective: The sacral skin of bedridden older patients often develops a dysbiotic condition. To clarify whether the condition changes or is sustained over time, we analyzed the skin …

… TEWL was assessed using a vapometer (SWL4142; Delfin Technologies). Data was … of RNA was assessed using Bioanalyzer 2100 (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA), and used …

… TEWL was measured before and after 6 h of treatment using a closed chamber evaporimeter (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) tailored with an adaptor to fit the …

Results 1. Relationship between conspicuous facial pores and the sebum components First, a skin measurement test was conducted using 59 Japanese women volunteers in their 20s …

… It was measured in the right groin region using a VapoMeter ® (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), and every measurement was performed in the same room where the dogs lived. …

… Drawing and picture of the probe holder for the VapoMeter....................... 113 4.4 Drawing and picture of the probe holder for the AquaFlux......................... 113 4.5 Drawing of the wooden …

… TEWL and conductance of the skin samples were measured before the permeation experiments in Franz diffusion cells in vitro with a vapometer and low voltage application, respectively…

Hypopigmentation is a progressive dermatological condition caused by a reduction in the skin pigment, melanin. Its treatment is considered a challenge due to the lack of a highly …

… Following a brief (1–2 h) equilibrium of skin and 6% PGE-PBS solution, each skin sample was measured with a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). A skin specimen …

… TEWL was then measured adjacent to the tape strip sampling site using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). Three separate measurements were taken and …

… Measurements involved the application of the probe of the close chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter®, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). Readings measured as an increase in …

Extensive deep-burn management with a two-stage strategy can reduce reliance on skin autografts; a biodegradable polyurethane scaffold to actively temporize the wound and later an …

The aim of the present research is to evaluate the skin delivery capabilities of different vesicular systems, including conventional liposomes (CL), Tween 80-based deformable …

… TEWL was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies) with nail adapters at the area of generated epithelium and intact skin. Because TEWL measurements can be influenced …

… A baseline TEWL reading was taken from the first marked location on the arm, using a VapoMeter® (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland), a closed-chamber, portable system …

Objectives: Since ancient times, Koreans have applied medicinal spabaths for treatment of various diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of strontium, one of …

Although physiological changes are the most evident indicators of skin aging by alteration of the skin’s structure and function, we question whether skin aging is also affected by the …

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a medical treatment in which a combination of a photosensitizing drug and visible light produces highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured by the Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) before and after the application of the different creams to monitor SC …

… The quality of the skin's barrier function was evaluated through TEWL using a closed chamber instrument (Vapometer; Delfin, Kuopio, Finland) 17. The average of 6 measurements was …

… chamber VapoMeter (#SWL5580; Delfin Technologies) was … ), attached to the VapoMeter, established a closed chamber … was included with the VapoMeter. Three successive TEWL …

… Skin integrity was verified by measuring transepidermal water loss (VapoMeter wireless; Delfin Technologies, Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The donor chamber was then filled with 200 μl of …

… The TEWL values were obtained by applying VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Finland) on the microporated skin after using fabricated PLGA microneedles. A decrease in skin …

… Skin surface pH was measured using Skin-pH-Meter PH 905 (Courage + Khazaka Electronic GmbH), and transepidermal water loss was measured with VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies…

… Following a brief (1–2 h) equilibrium of skin and 6% PGE-PBS solution, each skin sample was measured with a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). A skin specimen …

… Transepidermal water loss was measured twice using Vapometer ® (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Skin texture, including wrinkles around the eyes, was evaluated using a …

Dandruff is a recurrent chronic scalp disorder, affecting majority of the population worldwide. Recently a metagenomic study of the Indian scalp microbiome described an imperative role …

… Delfin VapoMeter (Delfin Technology, Finland) was employed to measure the values of TEWL. TDMNs were applied onto the trimmed area manually and removed after 20 mins. Photos …

Objective: To study the effect of the Insamyangyoung-tang (ISYT) extract on the skin barrier function, the skin pH, skin humidity and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured …

… Hydrophilic molecules and macromolecules do not normally permeate through the skin, and their delivery by physical enhancement technologies is the primary focus of this book. …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), temperature (C) and humidity of the mice dorsal skin were determined using a vapometer® SWL-3 (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). Each …

Skin Translucency is one of the most important factors for beautiful skin. As the investigation of the relationship between skin physiological characteristics and skin translucency has …

In the United States, poison ivy is the most common naturally occurring allergen that causes allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The immune and pruritic mechanisms associated with …

… Skin barrier function integrity was confirmed in all cases using standard transepidermal water loss measurements (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland), with any …

… Biological Technology, Pleasanton, CA), and anti-human desmoplakin (1:500, ab109445; Abcam). … water loss was measured with VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). …

Background Prior research 1 has investigated the relationship between skin heat-induced vasodilation and the sympathetic nervous system. It was found that despite chemically …

… a factory-calibrated VapoMeter TM (Delfin Technologies, Ltd., Kuopio, Finland, hereafter: … the vapometer) as a dependent variable. We used the average of the three lowest vapometer …

Mold has been implicated in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD); however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of …

… Before starting the studies, skin integrity was checked using a VapoMeter ® (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) to measure the transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Only skin …

… The VapoMeter from Delfin Technologies is another widely used handheld TEWL sensor that may be used for requirement verification, but detailed performance specifications for this …

… The values of TEWL were then determined by using Delfin VapoMeter (Delfin Technology, Kuopio, Finland) immediately after the removal of DMNs. The treated skin was observed by …

… a) Schematic of the first prototype relying on two humidity sensors integrated onto textile substrates and its validation study compared with VapoMeter. Reproduced with permission. [ …

… To confirm the removal of stratum corneum Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL) was measured after each tape strip using Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). The …

… ) and the VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). Retail costs for the VapoMeter … Immonen, Delfin Technologies Ltd, personal communication, February 23, 2010). Some …

… The trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) was estimated using Delfin VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Finland) as a measure of the extent of skin damage and healing with each day …

Transport of proteins across the skin is highly limited owing to their hydrophilic nature and large molecular size. This study was conducted to assess the skin transport abilities of a …

… de câmara fechada VapoMeter ® (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio… As medidas realizadas com o VapoMeter ® no nosso estudo … de PTEA pelo aparelho VapoMeter ® pode ser utilizada …

Ions play a crucial role in skin homeostasis. Calcium, a participant in wound healing and keratinization, is localized at an increasing gradient from the stratum basal to the stratum …

… using a calibrated digital moisture sensor Vapometer TM (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) that determines trans-epidermal water loss. The Vapometer uses a closed system …

Aims The study aims to examine the effect of delaying first bathing on skin barrier function, body temperature, and neonatal comfort of late preterm infants. Design This study is a multi‐…

… On the other hand, a previous study reported that a closed chamber device (Vapometer® SWL-5, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) exhibited very high interoperator variance, …

… TEWL was measured using a closedchamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) in an ambient temperature of 20–26 C. Dogs were allowed 30 …

… (Vapometer; Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) as previously described. Results were expressed as Δ transepidermal water loss, calculated as the difference between …

… using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). Lastly, the collagen score and dermal thickness were analyzed via DermaLab (Cortex Technology, Hadsund, Denmark). …

Background Skin irritability after a brief exposure to the model skin irritant, sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), is known to vary considerably between individuals. A difference in the skin …

… Epidermal permeability barrier function was evaluated by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) using a Vapometer® SWL-3 instrument (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, …

… TEWL was assessed on the dorsal skin of the NC/Nga mice using VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). TEWL was measured at baseline, and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h …

The objective of this study is to evaluate objective changes in water content, sebum content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and melanin due to breast cancer chemotherapy, and …

… TEWL was measured using a wireless portable device called VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Finland). An average of three separate measurements were taken for accurate results. …

We examined differences in the skin microbiome of two separate age groups to find key microbial and skin physiological indicators associated with aging. We recruited healthy Korean …

… The barrier integrity of the skin was tested by measuring transepidermal water loss using a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Skin samples that were free from any …

… TEWL was measured with a VapoMeter SWL-2 (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Two measurements per site were performed and the means were used for statistical analysis. …

… Barrier integrity was confirmed by transepidermal water loss using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). With the stratum corneum facing up, MN arrays were …

… measuring TEWL with a Vapometer ® SWL-3 (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). … This research was supported by a grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project …

Microneedle-devices provide a promising alternative to syringe-injection-based administration of chemotherapeutics. Dissolvable polymeric microneedles provide possibility of carrying …

This study compared the efficiency for in vitro human skin decontamination using DDGel and RSDL. Experiments were performed using in vitro human skin models, in which skin was …

… and electronic MoistureMeters and VapoMeters. We gave the … when the MoistureMeter and VapoMeters were used. The … Delfin Technologies Ltd:n edustaja opetti meille laitteiden …

… Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland)를 이용하여 피부 표면으로부터 증발 되는 수분의 양을 측정하였고, 이 때 3회 반복하여 수치가 안정화되는 구간의 평균값을 기록하였다…

Topical delivery is one of the main challenges in the pharmaceutical technology. This study aimed to synthesize a potential adhesive polymeric excipient stable enough for pronounced …

The interest in skin microbiome differences by ethnicity, age, and gender is increasing. Compared to other ethnic groups, studies on the skin microbiome of Koreans remains insufficient; …

… TEWL (g m −2 h −1 ), relative humidity (RH) and temperature were measured with a closed chamber device (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), 24 as recommended for …

… The oil group TEWL was checked just before each oil application session using an evaporimeter instrument (VapoMeter®, Delfin Technologies limited, Kuopio, Finland). TEWL in the …

… The time to skin barrier restoration, a proxy measure for wound healing rate, was assessed by measuring TEWL from individual blisters using the VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Inc.) …

… Subsequently, the TEWL of punctured rat skins was measured using a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) every 10 min for 70 min in comparison with the intact skin from …

Localized delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to treat breast cancer could limit their adverse drug reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of physico-chemical …

… Sweating rate was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies) and skin temperature with an infrared thermometer. The hair was shaved in an approximately 9 to 10 cm2 area in …

Several scalp microbiome studies from different populations have revealed the association of dandruff with bacterial and fungal dysbiosis. However, the functional role of scalp …

… are the AquaFlux (Biox Systems Ltd., United Kingdom) and VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Finland). The VapoMeter is a portable and battery-operated instrument with a humidity …

One of the most common complications in patients with incontinence is incontinence‐associated dermatitis. This study aimed to examine the influences of lipidolytic enzymes and/or …

… TEWL was measured on the back skin of P5 mice using an evaporimeter (VapoMeter SWL2g; Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). In the assay of barrier recovery, epidermal barriers …

… TEWL measurements were taken using a VapoMeter from Delfin Technologies, Inc. (Stamford, CT) following the manufacturer's instructions. At least three readings were taken from …

BACKGROUND: Sacran is a newly discovered sulfated polysaccharide extracted from an algae, Aphanothece sacrum, grown in a river of the Kyushu region in Japan. OBJECTIVE: To …

… After a 1-hour equilibrium period, each skin sample was measured with an evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) at least three times. TEWL values of …

… Skin integrity was verified before starting the experiment by measuring the trans-epidermal water loss (VapoMeter wireless, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). …

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the skin with increased transepidermal water loss. Both an abnormal inflammatory response and a defective skin barrier are …

… Skin barrier and skin hydration monitoring: all test areas were measured by Vapometer ® (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) and CM 825 ® (Courage + Khazaka Electronic …

… based on established definitions; hence, its objective measurement using a sudometer such as VapoMeter ® (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) might have shed further insight. In …

… Measurements of TEWL were obtained with a calibrated Vapometer evaporimeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) on days 0–10 or 7–16 following the manufacturer’s instructions…

… The transepithelial water loss (TEWL) from the cornea was measured using VapoMeter® (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The values were obtained by placing the …

… A popular device of this type is the VapoMeter ® (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland)… Unlike open chamber instruments, the closed chamber system of the VapoMeter ® is not …

… Transepidermal water loss was measured using a closed-chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd; Kuopio, Finland)24 at an ambient temperature of 20–26C. Dogs …

… through PUFAylation technology, thus further enhancing the apoptosis of tumor cells. (12) … and the TEWL values were determined using Vapometer (Delfin Technologies) until day 18. …

… A VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies) was also used for assessing the barrier function of the skin. This instrument measures transepidermal water loss (TEWL) as an indicator of the skin’s …

… TEWL measurements were done in vitro on Franz diffusion cells using a closed chamber evaporimeter (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) Skin pieces were …

… (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies, Finland); and apparent concentrations of skin chromophores, namely: oxyhemoglobin which relates to erythema, and deoxyhemoglobin which …

… For this a closed-chamber and portable evaporimeter (VapoMeter®, Delfin Technologies Ltd., … Using the VapoMeter® the base TEWL values were then recorded in triplicate. Prior to any …

… Skin temperature was measured at shoulder and rump locations with determination of sweat rate using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland). Rectal temperature did not …

… Cardoso Nagib Nascimento and Patric Castro, in addition to Cristiane Titto from Universidade de São Paulo (USP) who provided the hand-held electronic evaporimeter (VapoMeter). …

… The tear film evaporation rate was determined using a handheld closed chamber evaporimeter (Vapo Meter, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) [6] . This handheld portable device …

… A closed chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd; Kuopio, Finland) was used at an ambient temperature of 20–26C. Dogs were permitted 30 minutes to acclimatize …

Tolylfluanid (TF) is a sensitizing biocide used in antifouling products and wood preservatives. Paint application is associated with skin exposure; however, the importance of this …

… To observe the damage and recovery of the skin barrier, we used Delfin VapoMeter® (Delfin Technologies ltd., Kuopio, Finland) to record the Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL). …

… with a Vapometer device (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland; g/m 2 h [12]). All measurements were performed in the same order and by the same person throughout the study. …

… TEWL was measured using a closed-chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter ® , Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The VapoMeter ® was activated and placed directly onto the skin…

… Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL) was measured for each transdermal application site using the Vapometer™ (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio Finland). The device measures the rate of …

… The transepidermal water loss (TEWL) of the pig ear skin membrane was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technology, Kuopio, Finland) with a closed measurement chamber. The …

… The TEWL was measured using a portable VapoMeter device (Delfin Technologies; Keystone Scientific). The mean value of three measurements at a single site was used for the …

… The VapoMeter with a closed cylindrical chamber (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) was used for TEWL analyses. TEWL was measured from lesional skin of nine patients with …

… TEWL measurements were conducted using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technology, Finland). The hair of male SD rat’s abdominal skin was removed by shaving with a razor and then treated …

Skin barrier dysfunction plays an important role in atopic dermatitis (AD) aetiopathogenesis. Dupilumab, a drug that inhibits IL‐4 and IL‐13, is an effective treatment for AD but there is …

… The Vapometer has a closed measuring chamber not sensitive to external airflows with a humidity sensor that enable measurements in normal room conditions [43]. Three film samples …

… Trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured using Delfin Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Finland) and skin thickness was measured using a digital caliper (Mitutoyo). …

Background/purpose By performing experiments in air‐conditioned chamber, we previously demonstrated that the presence of water nanodroplets (mist) improved facial skin moisture …

… TEWL was measured on the cheek using a vapometer (SWL-type CE; Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). It can perform measurements up to 300 g/m 2 h.The skin hydration …

… The transepidermal water loss of each subject was measured on both cheeks using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland). TEWL was presented by a numerical value …

Skin barrier function can be assessed non-invasively, including by transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, and sebum level. The aim of this study was to evaluate day-to-day …

Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most used color developer in thermal paper products such as cashiers’ receipts, followed by Bisphenol S (BPS), Wincon 8 (D-8), and Pergafast 201 (PF201). …

… Franz diffusion cell after 1 h of equilibration at 37 C, using VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Inc., Finland). VapoMeter was placed on the donor chamber, and the value was recorded as …

… TEWL (g/m 2 /h) was measured with a closed-chamber device (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies, Ltd, Finland). Hydration was determined with the NOVA meter 9003 (NOVATechnology, …

… In order to see the effect of chemical enhancers and physical techniques on the skin barrier function, TEWL was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). …

… Objective assessment of hyperhidrosis by vaporimeter (Delfin technologies Ltd) in standard room … The vapometer is an effective non-invasive device which assist in measuring trans-…

Background/purpose In air‐conditioned rooms, dry air exacerbates some skin diseases, for example, senile xerosis, atopic dermatitis, and surface roughness. Humidifiers are used to …

… TEWL was measured using a closed chamer device (VapoMeter®, Delfin Technologies Ltd; Kuopio, Finland) at ambient temperature (20–26C). Dogs were acclimatized for 30 min …

… The skin was thawed, washed with distilled water, and measured for integrity using a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) that measures transepidermal water loss (…

… TEWL, a marker of epidermal skin barrier function, was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies) directly on the RBPj cKO and Ikk2 cKO mice, as these mice exhibit hair loss …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using a VapoMeter on the pinna, paw pad, and inner leg. Fasted blood samples were collected to measure serum inflammatory and …

This study compared the efficiency for in vitro human skin decontamination using DDGel and RSDL when applied at different timepoints (5 min and 90 min). Experiments were …

… After DMNs insertion, the TEWL value was measured using a Delfin VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) to evaluate the skin barrier function recovery after DMNs …

… rate (VapoMeter SWL2; Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland) at the shaved rump and shoulder locations. A trained observer recorded respiration rates by visual observation for 30 s at 1-h …

… TEWL (g/m 2 /h) of an ~120 mm 2 area was measured with a closed chamber device (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland) [17,18,19]. Skin pH was determined with a flat …

Purpose: Alterations in the intestinal microbiota in early life affects the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in humans. This study aimed to further investigate the effects of gut …

Objective The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of different body washing methods on skin texture. Methods Subjects were nine healthy women in their 20s. Skin on the …

… water loss was assessed using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Helsinki, Finland). To … We thank Alison Cowin's group (CHRI) for loan of the Vapometer used in these studies. …

… Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) and SCH (reflecting SC … electrical capacitance) (Delfin Technologies). These instruments … and humidity by the VapoMeter. Measurements of TEWL are …

Background Interactions between the stratum corneum and individual phases of an emulsion system depend on various factors, but primarily on the outer continuous phase of the …

… Additionally, TEWL was assessed using a handheld Vapometer© (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Two readings for each assessment were taken at the base of the tail and the …

… We measured TEWL (g·m−2·h−1) with the VapoMeter, based on Fick’s diffusion law (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) (22). Higher values indicated impaired barrier function. …

… Vapometer Delfin Technologies, Finland). Random division of the animals was done (n = 3) as follows: control group (normal mice without any treatment), model group (tape stripping …

… TEWL was determined using a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Skin pH was analyzed using a pH meter (Courage and Khazaka electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany)…

… Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland), a commercial instrument for the measurement of evaporation rate. Vapometer … Vapometer is not wearable and it does not perform …

… The VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) is an example of a unventilated-closed-chamber system [15]. The VapoMeter is simple in principle; a humidity sensor in …

… (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). At least three TWEL measurements were taken from each sample. Skin samples with a TEWL of less than 15 g/hm 2 were …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using an evaporimeter (Delfin VapoMeter™, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Finland). The probe was held perpendicular to the skin surface …

… Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland), a commercial instrument for the measurement of evaporation rate. Vapometer … Vapometer is not wearable and it does not perform …

Objectives Localized scleroderma (LSc) is a disease characterized by the excessive deposition of collagen and thereby thickening of the dermis. In recent years, studies reported that …

… Skin barrier function was confirmed as intact on a case by case basis by standard transepidermal water loss measurements (Delfin Vapometer®, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Paris, France)…

… 1 min in 0.0125% toluidine blue O (Chroma Technology, Bellows Falls, VT)/PBS. TEWL of neonatal mice were measured using Vapometer (Delfin Technologies). Water loss was also …

In vivo levels of cytokines and presence of neutrophils and eosinophils in skin irritation are not well known. Our objective was to get more insight in inflammatory mediators and markers …

… (VapoMeter ® , Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) on the application site, with the probe head vertical and perpendicular to the skin, to give an indication of skin barrier function. …

… evaporative water loss can be measured by use of a VapoMeter®, which is a portable, hand-held evaporimeter manufactured by Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland (Table 20.1). …

… Transepidermal water loss measurements were taken using a Vapometer ® (Delfin Technologies); lower readings indicated better skin barrier function. One measurement was taken on …

… In order to evaluate SC barrier function, TEWL measurements on the mice dorsal skin were performed using a VapoMeter SWL4001JT (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) before the …

The signs of sympathetic and sensory nerve-related disorders are not widely investigated in chronic nonspecific neck pain (NNP) patients. Thus, we performed skin temperature (Tsk), …

Phosphoryl oligosaccharides of calcium (POs-Ca) is a calcium salt of phosphoryl maltooligosaccharides made from potato starch. POs-Ca has high solubility in water and it can …

… Evaporative water loss (EWL) from the skin surface at forehead, cheeck and forearm were measured by a portable vapometer (SWL3, Delfin Technology Ltd, Finland). After at least 20-…

… They were randomized to use either a currently marketed or experimental adult incontinence (AI) product with unique odor neutralizing technology for 14 consecutive days. Objective …

… Neonatal transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured on the volar forearm using a closed chamber system vapometer (Delfin Technologies, UK). Infants were acclimatized to the …

… DermaLab System Cortex Technologies Closed-chamber system Vapometer ™ Delfin Technologies Ltd. Measurement times are standardized and relatively short as compared to open-…

… Sweating rate was recorded using a SWL4 Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd.) in both clipped and adjacent unclipped areas by holding the instrument against the skin for …

… To measure the integrity of the skin barrier, TEWL was measured using a Delfin VapoMeter® (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). TEWL values were recorded before and after …

… The barrier integrity of HSHE was tested by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) using a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). The epidermis free from physical …

… Skin samples' transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin technologies Ltd., Richmond hill, Ontario, Canada); before applying test chemicals to assess …

Bisphenol A (BPA) in vitro skin permeation studies have shown inconsistent results, which could be due to experimental conditions. We studied the impact of in vitro parameters on BPA …

Lightly touching normal skin near a site of itch can elicit itch sensation, a phenomenon known as alloknesis. To investigate the neural mechanisms of alloknesis, we have developed an …

Background Recent studies have suggested that epidermal barrier dysfunction contributes to the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) and other allergic diseases. Objective We …

We describe, for the first time, quantification of in-skin swelling and fluid uptake by hydrogel-forming microneedle (MN) arrays and skin barrier recovery in human volunteers. Such MN …

… For example, the tear evaporation rate measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies UK Ltd., Surrey, United Kingdom) in 120 smokers (24.5 ± 5.8 years) was significantly higher (…

… Before and immediately after treatment (0 h) TEWL was measured using a Delfin VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. At …

… using the VapoMeter evaporimeter according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Delfin Technologies, Finland). The average of the three measurements was used in statistical analysis. …

… TEWL (g m –2 h −1 ) of ∼120 mm 2 area was measured with a closed chamber device (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies, Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) using standardized protocols. The …

… Trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) was determined by a VapoMeter Wireless SWL4 (Delfin technology, Finland). Before each measurement time, the apparatus will be calibrated …

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is associated with the development of extrinsic skin aging. We performed in vivo assays in order to investigate the protective effect of a combination of …

Hand dermatitis is a common occupational disease. Altered skin pH plays an important role in the development of skin irritation. A glove that maintains tight control over skin pH may …

The complications of diabetes mellitus at the lower limbs, known also as “Diabetic Foot”(DF), are actually a complex syndrome with different but equally relevant components that …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) on the cheek was measured using a Vapometer (SWL type CE; Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) every hour during exposure. …

Incomplete insertion is a common problem associated with polymer microneedles (MNs) that results in a limited drug delivery efficiency and wastage of valuable medication. This paper …

We investigated the effects of topical application of a lotion containing gold leaf on skin symptoms in 11 Japanese women between the ages of 20 and 59 (mean, 47.5±4.6 years) with …

Keratinocyte terminal differentiation is the process that ultimately forms the epidermal barrier that is essential for mammalian survival. This process is controlled, in part, by signal …

… using a closed chamber device (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). … , especially since this length of hair coat can very easily affect the readings on the Vapometer. …

… efficacy and safety of Mentholatumò AP Soft Lotion (APA), which is a Vaseline-based preparation that has been converted to nanoparticles by high-pressure emulsification technology, …

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction. Few studies have used noninvasive techniques to measure epidermis function in asymptomatic neonates…

… TEWL was measured using an unventilated closedchamber device (VapoMeter; Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. To reduce …

… Evaporative water loss was assessed using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Helsinki, … We thank Alison Cowin's group (CHRI) for loan of the Vapometer used in these studies. …

… The percent change in hydration (NovaMeter) or transepidermal water loss (VapoMeter) was calculated for each subject by comparing measurements on days 7, 14, and 18. A paired …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL, g/m 2 /h), relative humidity and temperature were measured using a closed chamber device (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) [17]. …

… Skin barrier function was assessed by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL; Vapometer, Delfin Technologies) before treatment began, and after the fifth day of imiquimod …

… Following a 2-h equilibrium period, each skin sample was measured with an evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) at least three times. Skin samples with …

… The level of skin barrier impairment was assessed daily during each assessment cycle by transepidermal water loss measurements using a handheld vapometer (Delfin Technologies, …

Wound dressings' occlusivity is directly correlated with water permeability and may affect wound healing. This study evaluated the wound dressings' occlusivity in comparison to their …

… The evaporation rate of the tears from the ocular surface was measured as described previously using a modified Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) with petroleum jelly …

… The researcher interviewed the participants for scalp symptoms, and subsequently measured transepidermal water loss (TEWL) with a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland…

… We measured the TEWL of the stratum corneum with a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Ltd. Kuopio, Finland), which had a closed … Skin Research and Technology, 11, 189-195. …

… The HSE membranes were mounted on Franz diffusion cells and tested for barrier integrity by measuring TransEpidermal Water Loss (Delfin Vapometer, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements were taken as a measure of skin barrier function state (VapoMeter®, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). Measurements were …

… the most measurements were available for the Vapometer. This meta‐analysis suggests that no … ‐chambered Vapometer (TEWL 7·5 gm −2 h −1 , 95% CI 6·6–8·3) seems to be minimal. …

Objective Washing the hands using cleansers with antiseptic materials is the most popular method for hand hygiene and helps maintain health by preventing food poisoning and …

Objectives: To investigate aggravating and mitigating factors of atopic dermatitis and to utilize the outcome in treatment planning. Methods: The research has a cross-sectional study …

… For evaluating stratum corneum (SC) barrier function, TEWL measurements from the TL ointment application site were conducted using a VapoMeter SWL4001JT (Delfin Technologies, …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using a hand-held portable evaporimeter (VapoMeter; Delphin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) to determine the extent of skin …

Background/purpose Near‐infrared ( NIR ) light with high water absorption enables us to visualize the water content distribution appeared in the superficial skin layer. The light …

… TEWL was measured on the crown of the head of the animals using the Delfin VapoMeter with a 4.5-mm nail adapter attached (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Stamford, CT, USA). …

Background Corneocyte surface area ( CSA ) is as established parameter for skin barrier function in humans. Measurement of canine CSA has been previously reported but has not …

OBJECTIVE: In the present study we investigated the effects of low relative humidity (RH) and high air velocity (VA) on physiological and subjective responses after bathing in order to …

… Skin color was measured using the Chromameter CR-300 (Konica Minolta, Tokyo, Japan), TEWL was measured using the Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), and SC …

… Skin integrity was measured by transepidermal water loss (TEWL) using a VapoMeter device (Delfin Technologies, Finland). Skin samples with TEWL values ≤15 g h −1 …

… To gain insight into the creation and closure of microchannels formed by microneedles, TEWL values were measured using a VapoMeter instrument (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Stamford, …

… a manual vapometer with a closed chamber (VapoMeter SWL 4605; DELFIN Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) (13). Each measurement was done 3 times by the same operator and the …

Skin permeation is a primary consideration in the safety assessment of cosmetic ingredients, topical drugs, and human users handling veterinary medicinal products. While excised …

… The trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) was assessed on the dorsal skin of the BALB/c mice using the VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). A modified scoring atopic …

… The TEWL was measured using a VapoMeter (SWL-3; Delfin Technologies Ltd.). Clinical scores for the skin lesions were graded for erythema, scaling, and excoriation in the following …

Systemic immune function is impaired by sleep restriction. However, the impact of sleep restriction on local immune responses and to what extent any impairment can be mitigated by …

Background This study seeks to establish the skin barrier dysfunction model at the heel via tape-stripping (TS) by evaluating the skin moisturizing effects. Materials and methods …

… One measurement was taken with the VapoMeter and three measurements each with the corneometer and sebumeter. Location of biophysical measurements is shown in …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using the VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies). HSEs were allowed to equilibrate at room temperature for 20 mins prior to measurement. …

Aim We collected evidence and safety data for topical tacrolimus in small children with atopic dermatitis (AD) and compared the usage with topical corticosteroid. Methods This was an …

Olopatadine hydrochloride (olopatadine) is an antiallergic agent with histamine H 1 receptor antagonistic action. We investigated the possible efficacies of olopatadine on the chronic …

… TEWL was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The VapoMeter uses the closed-chamber measurement principle to determine the evaporation …

… TEWL measurements were performed with the condenser-chamber device Vapometer ® (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). With its closed-chamber principle, the Vapometer ® …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured to assess skin barrier function before and after grafting used a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Surrey, United Kingdom). Three …

Importance Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective and cosmetically favorable treatment modality for actinic keratoses (AKs). However, prolonged incubation times and pain …

… TEWL was measured at 12 hours of age and thereafter every 12 hours for 7 days in both groups by using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), a portable closed-…

… ) was measured with a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) and stratum corneum (SC) hydration was assessed with a MoistureMeter SC (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kupio, Finland). All measurements were performed at constant temperature and humidity. …

… Two humidity sensors inside the closed chamber of the measurement device (VapoMeter ® ; Delfin Technology Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) were used to monitor increases in the relative …

… blank site using a closed chamber Delfin® VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Finland). … After the removal of each tape strip, the VapoMeter was placed vertically and a reading was …

This work aims at (1) assessing the potential of repurposing simvastatin (SV) to support the most common therapies against melanoma and (2) developing an innovative topical …

… Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland), which measures the amount of trans-epidermal water loss based on the Fick’s law for diffusion, and lower values indicated better …

… After mounting the diffusion cells and allowing a stabilization time of 1 h, the integrity of the SC was evaluated by measuring TEWL values using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., …

Skin exposure to cleaning products in the general and occupational population are a public health concern. Among the most frequently identified amphiphilic organic solvents in …

… Vapometer device (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Patient-based selfassessments included pruritus scores and the Children’s Dermatology Quality of Life Index (CDQLI) used …

… The VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) is an example of a unventilated-closed-chamber system [15]. The VapoMeter is simple in principle; a humidity sensor in …

… probe for layered structures (MoistureMeter D; Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). The … a closed, unventilated chamber (VapoMeter SWL-4001TJ; Delfin Technologies). Skin pH is …

… aim of this work was to evaluate the temporal change in biophysical parameters using the reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) as well as with a profilometer, Cutometer, Vapometer, …

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease mediated by T helper type 2 (Th2) cells in acute phase. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) …

… probe for layered structures (MoistureMeter D; Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). The … unventilated chamber system (VapoMeter SWL-4001TJ; Delfin Technologies), 19 and skin …

… ) was measured using a VapoMeter (SWL4001JT; Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) and a Standard Adapter (… TEWL from the mouse skin was measured using a VapoMeter. …

… Skin hydration (Corneometer®, Courage + Khazaka) and transepidermal water loss (TEWL, VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies) were assessed on the cheek before, and 90, and 180 min …

… TEWL, SC hydration, and skin pH were evaluated using a VapoMeter, Moisture MeterSC (Delfin Technologies Ltd.), and LAQUA act (HORIBA, Kyoto, Japan), respectively. The …

… A validated and practical device used for measuring TEWL is the VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland).The VapoMeter can be successfully used on small surface areas …

Hydroxyproline and Pro-Hyp dipeptide are the digestive products of collagen hydrolysate called collagen peptide. Some suggested that collagen peptides could improve aged or …

Background Canine atopic dermatitis is a common clinical presentation. The skin barrier seems to play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis. Therefore a topical spot‐on product …

… using a closed-chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter ® ; Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). … The VapoMeter ® was activated by pressing a single button, after which it was placed …

… The integrity of the epidermis barrier was tested by measuring transepidermal water loss (VapoMeter wireless, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) (Netzlaff et al., 2006). Only …

Background and objective Infant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a problem in different parts of the world. Early signs of disease manifestation often involve infant …

… TEWL was measured at 12 hours of age and thereafter every 12 hours for 7 days in both groups by using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), a portable closed-…

Background: The adverse effects of particulate matter (PM) on the skin have been concerning recently. Objective: We investigated PM induced inflammation on barrier-interrupted skin …

… Two averaged TEWL measurements were taken 3‐monthly for 12 months, with a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland)10 at three body sites (midline forehead, left volar …

Cosmetic products used for skin wiping have been gaining popularity. Although there are some reports on the effect of the formulations for skin wiping and the addition of wiping with …

Follicular targeting has gained more attention in recent decades, due to the possibility of obtaining a depot effect in topical administration and its potential as a tool to treat hair follicle-…

… Thirty minutes after removal of the filter papers, the skin was wiped with ethanol, and TEWL measurement was performed using a VapoMeter(Delfin Technologies, Kupio, Finland)for the …

… (VapoMeter SWL2 g, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). Twenty minutes prior the application, the subjects rested with their sleeves rolled up in the examination room, where the …

… The VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies) was used for the evaluation of evaporation rate of water to assess the skin barrier function [29]. The device was held steady during the …

… The Delfin VapoMeter is equipped with a closed cylindrical chamber that contains sensors … -chamber TEWL measurements, are absent from VapoMeter data; however, relative humidity …

… TEWL was measured to standardize degree of irritation using VapoMeter instrument (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). The result of shaved and tape-stripped skin was 75 g/m2h, …

… TEWL was measured by closed chamber evaporation using the VapoMeter SWL-2™ (Delfin Technologies Ltd). The VapoMeter is a tool used to …

Reducing the dosage required for vaccination is highly desirable, particularly in cases of epidemic emergencies. This study evaluated the potential of a chitosan microneedle (MN) …

… The transepidermal water loss (TEWL), an indicator of the skin barrier integrity, was measured using an evaporimeter (VapoMeter SWL4, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Three …

The concentrations of insulin, leptin, active ghrelin, C-peptide and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and their inter-day variations were examined in normal human tears. In addition, …

… Transepidermal water loss was determined with a Delfin Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Finland). Three measurements were taken from the center of the wound. The impedance …

… Two types of devices are commercially available; the VapoMeter and the Aquaflux. The VapoMeter, produced by Delfin Technologies Ltd (Kuopio, Finland), is a portable and battery-…

… water loss being assessed by a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Helsinki, Finland). … We thank Professor Alison Cowin's group for loan of the Vapometer used in these studies and …

Background/aims: Two main systems have been utilized for measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL): open chamber and closed chamber. Yet, further validation and …

Objective The purpose of this study was the evaluation of thiolated silicone oil as novel skin protectant exhibiting prolonged residence time, enhanced barrier function and reinforced …

… TEWL was measured on the volar forearm using a closed chamber system vapometer (Delfin Technologies, UK) after acclimatization to room conditions for at least ten minutes. …

Dandruff is an unpleasant scalp disorder common to human populations. In this study, we systematically investigated the intra-and inter-associations among dandruff, physiological …

Road construction workers are simultaneously exposed to two carcinogens; solar ultraviolet (UV-S) radiation and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in bitumen emissions. The …

The stratum corneum (SC), a permeable membrane, limits percutaneous penetration. As SC chemical and structural properties responsible for skin barrier function appear depth‐related…

Background/Objectives Some full‐term newborns present with erythema and irritation of the buttocks and perianal area as early as the first 4 days of their lives. The effect of moisturizers …

MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy Caucasians with skin types were II or III (12, 16) were studied. Subjects were instructed not to apply topical products to the test sites for one week …

… Measurement of TEWL was performed using a vapometer with a closed chamber (VapoMeter SWL 4605, DELFIN Technologies; Kuopio, Finland). Each measurement was performed …

Skin exposures to chemicals may lead, through percutaneous permeation, to a significant increase in systemic circulation. Skin is the primary route of entry during some occupational …

Winged bean (WB), Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, is a tropical legume, the potential of which is not fully understood. We found that 5‐week oral administration of a WB seed extract …

… by Delfin Technologies called the VapoMeter (Figure 1) provides a method to measure the evaporation rate of water from the skin. The VapoMeter … VapoMeter calculated TEWL versus a …

… Skin temperature was measured at shoulder and rump locations with determination of sweat rate using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland). Rectal temperature did not …

… The readings are measured using a hand-held VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland) that assesses the surface evaporation rate within 10 seconds. Fig. 6b depicts the various …

Claudin-7, a member of the claudin family, is highly expressed in distal nephrons of kidneys and has been reported to be involved in the regulation of paracellular Cl − permeability in …

… TEWL was measured for 30 s using a Vapometer device (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Changes in skin pH were measured …

… Skin temperature was measured at shoulder and rump locations with determination of sweat rate using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland). Rectal temperature did not …

… The barrier integrity of the heat separated human epidermis was also tested by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) using a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). …

… Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL) measurements were obtained for each probe in triplicate with a Vapometer, (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) shortly after insertion. At the end …

Objective The effectiveness of skin care to radiation dermatitis (RD) on patients who received radiotherapy for cancer has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate …

… Skin integrity was measured by transepidermal water loss (TEWL) [27] using a VapoMeter device (Delfin technologies, Finland). Skin samples with TEWL values ≤ 15 g h - 1 …

… Recently, a Delfin VapoMeter was used to assess the TER of chronic smokers and of subjects … In addition, the repeatability and reproducibility of the TER test using a VapoMeter have …

… The transepidermal water loss was measured using an evaporimeter (VapoMeter; Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland), and the results were expressed as g/m 2 /h. The electrical …

… TEWL on the dorsal skin of each AD-induced mouse was assessed using a VapoMeter instrument (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Measurements of clinical indicators were …

… Permeability of the skin barrier in the embryonic skin was initially assessed by measurements of trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), using a hand-held vapometer (Delfin Technologies, …

… We determined the TEWL as a marker of epidermal barrier function using a wireless vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). All measurements were carried out at 23 8 2 …

… TEWL was measured using a portable, closed-chamber evaporimeter (Vapometer SWL-2, Delfin Technologies Kuopio, Finland) and skin pH was determined using a skin pH meter (…

… For the assay, it was used a closed chamber evaporimeter (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) equipped with an adaptor to fit the diffusion cell (Hanson Research, …

… Concerns about the reproducibility of TEWL measurements have been expressed in a study evaluating the VapoMeter ® in healthy dogs. In that study, significant variation was found …

… School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, Tokyo, Japan … the evaporated water using the VapoMeter SWL‐2 (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). …

… Trans epidermal water loss was measured using an evaporimeter (VapoMeter; Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) based on the guidelines provided by Nuutinen et al. and the …

Fescue toxicosis is a syndrome that results when cattle consume toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue. The objective of this study was to compare the response in physiological variables, …

Background Many patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) have a decreased ability to sweat. Several factors can cause decreased perspiration, such as weak tight junctions of sweat ducts, …

… TEWL was measured with Vapometer ® (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). All measurements without skin elasticity were repeated three times and its average data were used for …

We describe, for the first time, hydrogel-forming microneedle (s) (MN) arrays for minimally-invasive extraction and quantification of lithium in vitro and in vivo. MN arrays, prepared from …

… The Vapometer ® and Mexameter ® were utilized to determine this lotion's anti-erythema effects … The VapoMeter ® (Delfin, Finland) is a closed chamber instrument which measures skin …

… a VapoMeter with a closed chamber (Delfin Technologies, Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). The probe was kept on the skin for 13 s to obtain the values on the screen (n = 4). The TEWL studies …

Background Irritant contact dermatitis is caused by skin barrier damage. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that is commonly used in cosmetics to prevent photo‐damage. Objectives To show …

… The barrier function of neonatal porcine hairless skin was evaluated by measuring TEWL using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) which assess the increase of …

… characterized using a Delfin Wireless VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Stamford, USA). … Schroeter A, Engelbrecht T, Neubert RH, Goebel AD (2010) New nanosized technologies for …

The aim of this study was to assess the skin penetration, stability, and antioxidant effects of a α-tocopherol–lipoic acid codrug. To enhance penetration, we evaluated three …

Self-assembled surfactant structures, such as liquid crystals, have the potential to enhance transdermal drug delivery. In the present study, the pseudo-ternary system of GET (composed …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was assessed 3 min after the initial water exposure using the Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland/Directive 93/42/EC medical …

Background Tretinoin is considered the benchmark prescription topical therapy for improving fine facial wrinkles, but skin tolerance issues can affect patient compliance. In contrast, …

… TEWL was measured with an open chamber (Tewameter TM 300) and closed chamber device (VapoMeter) at five time points: baseline, immediately after tape stripping, 4 h post-tape …

… (VapoMeter®, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). TEWL measures the outward diffusion of water through the skin and, as such, provides information on the barrier status (20). …

… Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using a Delfin VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies LTD., Kuopio, Finland) to assess skin integrity. The VapoMeter was placed on the …

… TEWL was measured using an evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland) based on the guidelines given by Nuutinen et al. (12,13) The results were expressed as g/m …

… TEWL was determined using the Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) and SCH was determined using the Corneometer CM825 (Courage+Khazaka electronic GmbH…

… Trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements were recorded using a closed chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) as an indirect measure …

… TEWL was measured with Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Ltd., Finland) in a room kept at 23 … TEWL values were measured with Vapometer in an environmental chamber kept at 23 C …

… The mold used in this study was prepared by wet etching technology which is characterized by a simple process, short processing cycle, low cost and the potential to realize DMNs …

Dexamethasone-loaded polymer hybrid nanoparticles were developed as a potential tool to treat alopecia areata due to their follicular targeting ability. Freeze drying (FD) is a common …

… TEWL measurements were performed in vitro on Franz diffusion cells using a closed chamber evaporimeter (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) equipped with an …

… Skin integrity was verified before starting the experiment by measuring the trans-epidermal water loss (VapoMeter wireless, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). …

Youngstock such as nulliparous pregnant dairy heifers are not typically considered for active cooling, as they are thought to be more heat tolerant than mature cows. Recently, the …

… In a different set of experiment, the TEWL was measured using Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) in vivo on hairless rat skin after pretreatment with microneedles to …

… TEWL was assessed using VapoMeter SWL-5001 (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Tese parameters were measured in the skin of the lower extremities where the moisturizer …

… The animals were placed in a prone position, and TEWL readings were taken bilaterally on a 1‐cm round area in the medial dorsal area using a VapoMeter, (Delfin Technologies Ltd., …

… All patients assessed were subjected to TEWL measurement using the VapoMeter ® closed-chamber device (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) at six previously established …

… 피부의 보습 능력을 판정하기 위해 등 부위 피부에 수분증발량측정기(VapoMeter, SWL4102, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland)와 수분측정기(moisture meter, Delfin Technologies)를 …

Background Occupational skin diseases are often responsible for sick leave or job changes, affect mostly young subjects, are costly to society and have been reported as significant …

… TEWL (in grams per square meter per hour) at the dorsal posterior region using the Delfin VapoMeter with a 4.5-mm nail adapter attached (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Stamford, CT). …

… TEWL was measured using a Delfin Technologies VapoMeter with DelfWin 4 capture software… To measure TEWL, the VapoMeter was gently pressed against the application site without …

… (VapoMeter; Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) 9 . The effect of the ELS on the activity of the sweat glands was measured by comparing the operated and unoperated foot. Before …

… rate (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) [17]. The VapoMeter is a closed … The VapoMeter was then placed over the eye and a measurement was taken with the eyes …

… skin surface pH (Skin pH Meter, C and K, Germany); transepidermal water loss by measurement of relative humidity build-up inside a closed chamber (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies, …

… a Delfin Vapometer (Delfin Technology Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). To minimize interference of clipping on sweat measurements, steers were re-penned and sent through the chute a second …

… First, the transepidermal water loss was measured using a VapoMeter SWL5001 (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) for approximately 10 s; one single measurement was used …

… Meter-D, moisture Meter-SC, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland), and transepidermal water loss (TEWL, Vapo Meter, g/m 2 h, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Finland) of the forehead and …

… measured by a clinician with a closed chamber VapoMeter d . An ambient temperature of 20–… Before each use of the VapoMeter, a 2 cm × 2 cm site in each of the three areas was gently …

… The skin barrier function of the stratum corneum was measured by Vapometer ® (Delfin Technologies). The sensor monitor in closed cylindrical chamber measures the increasing …

… To assess the barrier function of the skin, referred to as SR, the transepidermal water loss was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, measurement range: 3–300, …

… Vapometer ® (Delfin Technology)로 피험자의 뺨과 전박에서 수분량을 측정하여 경피수분 손실량을 평가하였다(Table 4). 시험물질 섭취 4주 후 뺨에서의 모든 그룹의 경피수분손실량이 감소…

The purpose of this study was to develop a suitable gelatin-based formulation for topical delivery. Eight films (F1-F8) were prepared by solvent evaporation method using different …

… The efficiency of pore formation by SMN was checked using trans-epidermal water loss by Vapometer (Delfin Technologies Ltd. USA). An equivalent dose of BSA-FITC-Ch-NPs was …

Aims and objectives: The research aims and objectives of this study were: Firstly to determine the positive effects and possible disadvantages of three types of barrier creams on skin …

… Water loss was measured at time points of 0, 6, 24, and 48 h by mounting VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies; Kuopio, Finland) on the ocular tissues for 20 s. TCWL and TSWL were …

… (VapoMeter wireless, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) readings. If the TEWL reading was above 11 g/m 2 /h (Pinnagoda et al., 1990), the skin disc was deemed damaged and …

… a closed chamber TEWL meter, VapoMeter 300 (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland). … Associate Professor Ola Bergendorff is greatly acknowledged for providing the VapoMeter …

… The VapoMeter® contains a closed chamber whose opening is placed in contact with the … The recording area of the VapoMeter® was 16 mm 2 . The VapoMeter was factory calibrated, …

… (Vapometer, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) equipped with an adaptor to fit the diffusion cell (Hanson Research, Chatsworth, CA, diffusion area of 1.7 cm 2 ) opening (52,53). …

… After MN application, TEWL was measured using a Delfin Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Finland) and skin thickness was measured using a digital caliper (Mitutoyo). Three TEWL …

… TEWL was thus measured before and after microneedle treatment, non-invasively using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) in the ambient conditions of humidity …

Background Moisturizers are foundational therapies for human atopic dermatitis. In veterinary medicine, the use of moisturizers has been recommended by an expert committee to …

… TEWL was evaluated with a closed chamber VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd, Kuopio, Finland) using the standard instrument adaptor (diameter = 11 mm) with readings recorded in …

… objectively with a vapometer12 (VapoMeter SWL4; Delfin Technologies) to measure TEWL, a moisture-measuring device13 (MoistureMeter SC4; Delfin Technologies), and visual …

… The whole set up was placed in a temperature (37 C) and humidity (RH 55%) controlled chamber and the TCWE was measured using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, …

… Table 4:: Measurement of transepidermal water loss by VapoMeter in test and control sites. … Table 5:: Change in mean VapoMeter reading in two groups at unoccluded sites. …

… Sweating rate was determined using a device (VapoMeter, Delfin Tech. Ltd.) that quantifies water evaporation rate from the skin. Respiration rate also was monitored during the trial. …

… VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Finland). Each subsequent tape was placed into a 20-ml glass vial and stored at −18 C until analysis. For the calibration line and quality control (…

… microneedles, was assessed using a VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland)… using a VapoMeter to confirm the formation of microchannels. A VapoMeter consists of a …

… After 1 h of equilibration at 37 C, TEWL values were recorded using the VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies Inc., Finland) placed on the donor chamber. It was taken care that the donor …

… We measured rates of TEWL by means of a Delfin VapoMeter® (Delfin Technologies Ltd, … reflexly pushed against the open port of the VapoMeter. Thus, the reflexive behavior of the …

… (VapoMeter SWL2, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland) at the rump and at the shoulder. Respiration rate was recorded at 1-h intervals from −1.5 to 7.5 h by visual observation by …

… Skin damage was further examined by analyzing transepidermal water loss (TEWL) [13] in 73 students from both subgroups using a VapoMeter device (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, …

The purpose of this study was to compare the transdermal permeation of a model compound, diclofenac diethylamine, from a hydrophilic and lipophilic vehicle across in vitro models …

… Measurement of TEWL was performed on days 3 and 7 after the single hydroxyacid treatment using a vapometer with a closed chamber. In most cases, TEWL increased over time. …

… the VapoMeter (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). Assessment was performed on Day 14 by 2 separate investigators who did not participate in animal care and were masked to the …

Skin wound healing models can be used to detect changes in immune function in response to interventions. This study used a test–retest format to assess the reliability of a skin suction …

… The heat separated epidermis was then tested for barrier integrity by measuring TransEpidermal Water Loss (Delfin Vapometer, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland). …

Detergents are skin irritants affecting keratinocytes. In this study, healthy volunteers were exposed to water (vehicle) and 1% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) under occlusive patch tests for …

… TEWL was measured using an unventilated closed chamber device (Vapometer SWL-3; Delfin Technologies, Finland) with a standard adaptor and 11-mm aperture according to the …

Methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI) are biocides used in many types of products such as cosmetics, paints, and cleaning agents. Skin contact is often …

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a membrane protein ion channel, is known to mediate itch and pain in skin. The function of TRPA1, however, in psoriasiform dermatitis (…

… a Vapometer ® SWL-3 (Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland). We assessed baseline TEWL at the beginning of the experiment followed by three more assessments after each …

… TEWL has been extensively measured with a closed-chamber Vapometer (Delfin©, Delfin Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland, [12,14,17]), but a recent study highlighted the high intra- …

… TEWL was measured at 12 hours of age and thereafter every 12 hours for 7 days in both groups by using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), a portable closed-…

… Skin barrier function was confirmed as intact on a case by case basis by standard transepidermal water loss measurements (Delfin Vapometer®, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Paris, France). …

… TEWL was measured with a vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), and skin pH changes were measured using Skin-O-Mat (SM815, CK Electronics, Cologne, Germany). …

… The water loss through the dorsal or lateral skin was measured using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) with the sensor chamber attached to a nail adaptor. …

… The moisture content of the vertex site was measured with DermaLab® USB moisture (CORTEX Technology, Denmark) which measures the electrical conductivity of the scalp. The …

In this in vivo human study we assessed the influence of skin damage by sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) on percutaneous penetration of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) of different …

Materials and Methods Ten healthy volunteers with a BMI of 30 kg/m 2 or under were treated with a single session of 1,060-nm diode laser (InterLucy, Emma Healthcare, Korea). …

… To evaluate skin integrity, trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured on each skin piece after 1 h of equilibration using a Vapometer (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Sweden), …